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| ROCK ART IN AFRICA: Timelines |
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| Africa's oldest rock paintings were found in southern Namibia in 1969 and carbon-dated to 27,000 years old. In a shelter in Zimbabwe's Matobo Hills archaeologists found probable palettes with paint which were dated to more than 40,000 years of age. These could also have been used for body painting and skins. Meanwhile, earliest fragments of pigment from paintings have been dated to 10,000 years with definite (existing) painting periods dated to between 9,000 to 8,000 and about 4,000 to 2,000 years ago. Recently, pieces of ochre with abstract scratchings were found in the Cape, South Africa, which have been dated to over 70,000 years old. With them were estuarine shell beads believed to have formed a necklace.
Most experts
now believe that the rock art tradition in Africa
may go back at least 50,000 years, however the vast
majority of the rock art we see today is much more
recent than these discoveries. Unlike the rock paintings
of Europe which are typically found in deep limestone
caves most of Africa's rock paintings are on exposed
surfaces and in shallow shelters usually open to heat
and cold, sun, wind, rain and natural erosion. Meanwhile
the rock engravings and carvings are found out in
the open on cliffs and boulders. Except in special
circumstances most rock art in Africa is probably
not more than 7,000 years old. The likelihood of art
surviving any longer in exposed situations is very
slim. Exceptions to this may exist in places like
Zimbabwe's Matobo Hills and in Algeria's Tassili n'Ajjer
where rock paintings have been dated to nearly 10,000
years old and some of Libya's and Algeria's deeply
etched engravings may be even older. |
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Explore
Rock Art timelines
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| * BP denotes "Before Present" |
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